| Titre : |
Upwelling in the ocean : modern cesses and ancient records |
| Type de document : |
texte imprimé |
| Auteurs : |
Summerhayes, C. P., Auteur |
| Editeur : |
John Wiley |
| Année de publication : |
1995 |
| Importance : |
422 p. |
| Format : |
24 cm. |
| ISBN/ISSN/EAN : |
978-0-471-96041-6 |
| Langues : |
Anglais (eng) |
| Index. décimale : |
551 Géologie, météorologie, hydrologie générale |
| Résumé : |
Upwelling is a process of considerable importance in the ocean, replacing surface waters that biological productivity has depleted in nutrients with cool subsurface waters rich in nutrients that stimulate new production. Upwelling can be a coastal phenomenon, giving us some of the world's major fisheries, like those off Peru, California, Namibia, and Mauritania, but takes place too in the open ocean in equatorial and polar seas. wherever they occur, upwelling systems play a key role in controlling the global distribution of nutrients, and because their sediments serve as sinks for carbon, silica, and phosphorus, their existence and variability helps to control the global cycles of these nutrients through time.
Upwelling systems are complex, demanding interdisciplinary study to enhance our understanding of how they work. Physical processes, winds forcing surface waters to diverge, affect the chemistry by adverting nutrients upwards; these, in turn, affect the biology, causing production. The decomposition of sinking dead organic matter closes the circle, replenishing the nutrient stock at depth. Currents move nutrients and organic matter not only up and down, but in three dimensions: across and along continental margins or through zones of equatorial or polar upwelling. These patterns change in time on scales from hours to millennia and longer and in space on scales from a few kilometers to whole ocean basins.
understanding how these systems work is the first step to accurately modeling them numerically by computer, and thence to forecasting their response to (or influence upon) global change. An example of such a response is the El Nino, which in response to the Southern Oscillation periodically damages the fishing industry of Peru and causes widespread rains in western South America. forecasting models will aid communities in anticipating the enormous and significant changes in fish stocks and in rainfall that are associated with upwelling systems, and in designing policies to respond to these changes.
this workshop brought together marine chemists, biologists, physicists, and geologists to assess the state of ignorance about these major global systems, the complex biogeochemical processes that operate within them, and their variability through time, and to clarify how upwelling history could be reconstructed from biogenic signals in the sediments. |
Upwelling in the ocean : modern cesses and ancient records [texte imprimé] / Summerhayes, C. P., Auteur . - John Wiley, 1995 . - 422 p. ; 24 cm. ISBN : 978-0-471-96041-6 Langues : Anglais ( eng)
| Index. décimale : |
551 Géologie, météorologie, hydrologie générale |
| Résumé : |
Upwelling is a process of considerable importance in the ocean, replacing surface waters that biological productivity has depleted in nutrients with cool subsurface waters rich in nutrients that stimulate new production. Upwelling can be a coastal phenomenon, giving us some of the world's major fisheries, like those off Peru, California, Namibia, and Mauritania, but takes place too in the open ocean in equatorial and polar seas. wherever they occur, upwelling systems play a key role in controlling the global distribution of nutrients, and because their sediments serve as sinks for carbon, silica, and phosphorus, their existence and variability helps to control the global cycles of these nutrients through time.
Upwelling systems are complex, demanding interdisciplinary study to enhance our understanding of how they work. Physical processes, winds forcing surface waters to diverge, affect the chemistry by adverting nutrients upwards; these, in turn, affect the biology, causing production. The decomposition of sinking dead organic matter closes the circle, replenishing the nutrient stock at depth. Currents move nutrients and organic matter not only up and down, but in three dimensions: across and along continental margins or through zones of equatorial or polar upwelling. These patterns change in time on scales from hours to millennia and longer and in space on scales from a few kilometers to whole ocean basins.
understanding how these systems work is the first step to accurately modeling them numerically by computer, and thence to forecasting their response to (or influence upon) global change. An example of such a response is the El Nino, which in response to the Southern Oscillation periodically damages the fishing industry of Peru and causes widespread rains in western South America. forecasting models will aid communities in anticipating the enormous and significant changes in fish stocks and in rainfall that are associated with upwelling systems, and in designing policies to respond to these changes.
this workshop brought together marine chemists, biologists, physicists, and geologists to assess the state of ignorance about these major global systems, the complex biogeochemical processes that operate within them, and their variability through time, and to clarify how upwelling history could be reconstructed from biogenic signals in the sediments. |
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